- Data communication in computer networks involves the transfer of data from one device to another over a communication channel. The following are the components of data communication in computer networks:
- Sender: The device that initiates the communication process and sends the data is called the sender. It could be a computer, a smartphone, or any other device capable of sending and receiving data.
- Receiver: The device that receives the data sent by the sender is called the receiver. It could be a computer, a smartphone, or any other device capable of receiving data.
- Medium: The communication channel through which data is transferred between the sender and the receiver is called the medium. The medium could be wired or wireless. Wired mediums include copper wires, fiber-optic cables, and coaxial cables, while wireless mediums include radio waves, infrared waves, and satellite communication.
- Protocol: The set of rules that governs the transmission of data over the communication channel is called the protocol. It ensures that the data is transmitted in a secure and reliable manner. Examples of protocols include TCP/IP, HTTP, SMTP, and FTP.
- Modem: A modem is a device that converts digital data into analog signals that can be transmitted over a communication channel. It also converts analog signals back into digital data at the receiver's end.
- Interface: The interface is the point where the sender or receiver connects to the communication channel. It could be a port on a computer or a wireless antenna.
- Message: The message is the data that is being transmitted from the sender to the receiver. It could be in the form of text, images, audio, or video.
- Overall, these components work together to enable the reliable transfer of data between devices over a computer network.
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