Version History of ECMAScript

• ECMAScript is a standardized scripting language widely used for client-side web development. The language has undergone several revisions since its initial release in 1997, with each version bringing new features and improvements to the language.

Here is a brief overview of the versions history of ECMAScript:

• ECMAScript 1 (1997): The first version of ECMAScript was released in 1997, with basic features like variables, functions, control statements, and arrays.

• ECMAScript 2 (1998): ECMAScript 2 added some new features like try/catch statements, support for new data types like Boolean, and a few new methods for String and Array objects.

• ECMAScript 3 (1999): ECMAScript 3 is a major update to the language that introduced many new features like regular expressions, better string handling, support for JSON, and more robust error handling.

• ECMAScript 4 (abandoned): ECMAScript 4 was a proposed update to the language that was eventually abandoned due to disagreements within the ECMAScript community.

• ECMAScript 5 (2009): ECMAScript 5 introduced new features like strict mode, which enforces stricter syntax rules, and a number of new methods for Array and String objects.

• ECMAScript 6 (2015): ECMAScript 6, also known as ES6 or ECMAScript 2015, introduced many new features like arrow functions, classes, modules, template literals, and more. It was a major update to the language, bringing it closer to modern programming languages.

• ECMAScript 7 (2016): ECMAScript 7, also known as ES7, introduced some new features like the Array.prototype.includes method, the exponentiation operator (**), and a few other minor updates.

• ECMAScript 8 (2017): ECMAScript 8, also known as ES8, introduced several new features like async/await functions, Object.values/Object.entries methods, and more.

• ECMAScript 9 (2018): ECMAScript 9, also known as ES2018, introduced features like rest and spread properties, Promise.prototype.finally method, and more.

• ECMAScript 10 (2019): ECMAScript 10, also known as ES2019, introduced new features like Array.prototype.flat and Array.prototype.flatMap methods, optional catch binding, and more.

• ECMAScript 11 (2020): ECMAScript 11, also known as ES2020, introduced new features like the nullish coalescing operator (??) and optional chaining (?.) operator.

• ECMAScript 12 (2022): ECMAScript 12, also known as ES2022, introduced new features like the String.prototype.replaceAll method, the Promise.any method, and more.

• Overall, ECMAScript has evolved significantly over the years, with each new version bringing new features and improvements to the language, making it a popular choice for web developers.