- CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) is a stylesheet language used for describing the presentation and layout of a document written in HTML (Hypertext Markup Language). CSS has undergone several versions and updates since its inception.
- CSS Level 1 (1996): The initial version of CSS, known as CSS1, was introduced in December 1996. It provided basic styling capabilities such as font, color, and background properties. CSS1 also introduced the concept of selectors for targeting specific HTML elements.
- CSS Level 2 (1998): CSS2 was released in May 1998 and expanded upon the foundation laid by CSS1. It introduced new features like positioning, z-index, media types, and the ability to create multi-column layouts. CSS2 also introduced pseudo-classes and pseudo-elements, allowing more precise targeting of elements.
- CSS2 also introduced the concept of cascading style sheets, which allowed multiple style sheets to be applied to a single web page.
- CSS Level 2.1 (2004): CSS2.1 was a revision of CSS2 and aimed to address some inconsistencies and ambiguities in the specification. It was published as a recommendation by the W3C in June 2004 and included various clarifications and improvements.
- CSS Level 3 (Working Drafts since 1999, modules from 2007 onwards): CSS3 represents a modular approach to CSS, with various individual modules that are developed and released separately. Some of the significant modules of CSS3 include Selectors, Box Model, Backgrounds and Borders, Text Effects, Transitions, Animations, Flexbox, Grid Layout, and many more. CSS3 introduced a wide range of new features, making complex layouts and visual effects possible without relying on additional markup or scripting.
- CSS Level 4 (Ongoing): CSS4 is still in development and is being worked on as a collection of separate modules. The goal of CSS4 is to further expand the capabilities of CSS and introduce new features and enhancements. Some proposed modules for CSS4 include Selectors Level 4, Fonts Level 4, Color Level 4, and Scroll Snap.
- It's important to note that the term "CSS4" is sometimes used colloquially to refer to the ongoing development of CSS3 modules, rather than representing a distinct version of CSS. The modular approach allows for continuous updates and improvements without waiting for an entirely new version to be released.
- CSS has become a fundamental part of web development, enabling developers to create visually appealing and responsive websites. The continuous evolution of CSS ensures that web designers have access to new tools and capabilities to enhance the user experience and push the boundaries of web design.
- CSS has evolved significantly over the years, and it continues to be a powerful tool for web developers. As CSS3 continues to be developed, we can expect to see even more powerful and versatile features that will make it easier to create beautiful and engaging web pages.
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